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Eritrea Page |
Welcome to ElectionInfo.com's pages on Eritrea
Official Name: State of Eritrea
Capital: Asmara
Area: 121,140 square kilometres (46,772 square miles)
Major cities (Population)
Asmara 359,000 (1990 estimate)
Mitsiwa 19,400 (1989 estimate)
Population: 3,531,000 (1995 estimate)
Population growth rate: 2.7 per cent (1990-1995 average)
Type of government: Transitional government
NOTE: Eritrea became independent from Ethiopia on 27 April 1993; its political and economic institutions are all in a state of flux.
Independence: 27 May 1993 (from Ethiopia; formerly the Eritrea Autonomous Region)
Constitution: Transitional “constitution” on 19 May 1993
Voting Rights: Undetermined
Government
After independence in 1993, the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF) installed the Provisional Government of Eritrea (PGE), which will govern until 1997. In 1994 the EPLF became a civilian political party, the People’s Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). It will remain the governing party until full multi-party elections are held. Officials receive a minimal salary and live in modest circumstances to avoid losing public trust. PFDJ leaders want to maintain the respect they established for cooperative effort, manual labour, equality among ethnic groups, and equal participation by women. Unlike people in other countries in transition, such as South Africa, where crime has become a problem, Eritreans have generally shown respect for law and order.
The PGE’s National Assembly consists of the PFDJ’s 75-member Central Committee and 75 members elected from the general population (11 of these seats are reserved for women). The Assembly outlines and regulates policy, approves the government budget and ministerial appointments, and elects a president who is head of the government and commander in chief of the army. Executive power is vested in a 24-member state council appointed and chaired by the president. The judiciary is independent.
In 1996 the PGE was scheduled to introduce a constitution that guarantees basic personal rights and sets forth a multi-party democracy, but in 1997 the constitution had still not been adopted.
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