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Monaco Page |
Welcome to ElectionInfo.com's pages on Monaco
Official Name: Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco
Area: 1.9 square kilometers ( 0.73 square mile )
Major cities (Population): Monaco 30,000 (1990 estimate)
Population: 32,000 (1995 estimate)
Population growth rate: 0.7 per cent (1995 estimate)
Type of government: Constitutional monarchy
Independence: 1419 (ruled by the House of Grimaldi)
Constitution: 17 December 1962
Voting Rights: Universal at age 25
Government
In 1297 Monaco was acquired by the house of Grimaldi, a Genoese family. In 1793, during the French Revolutionary period, the Grimaldi were dispossessed and their principality was annexed by France. By the terms of the Treaty of Vienna, in 1815, the principality was made a protectorate of the kingdom of Sardinia. In 1861 Monaco regained its independence under French protection. The Grimaldi princes continued to rule with absolute authority until Prince Albert I agreed to reforms in 1911 that turned Monaco into a constitutional monarchy.
A new constitution greatly reducing the power of the sovereign was granted by Prince Rainier III in 1962. Legislative authority is now shared by the prince and the National Council of 18 members, elected by the people of Monaco for five-year terms. There are no political parties. The executive branch consists of the prince and a small Council of Government headed by a minister of state, who is, by tradition, French.
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